RESUMEN
Lagochilus ilicifolius Bunge ex Bentham, Labiat. Gen is a perennial herb with much-branched stems native to Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Gansu, N Shaanxi. It can be used clinically as a hemostatic agent. The chloroplast genome length is 151,466 bp. It contained two inverted repeat regions of 25,660 bp each, a large single-copy region of length 82,504 bp, and a small single-copy region of length 17,642 bp. Also, the GC content is 38.6%. There were 133 genes annotated, including 88 known protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using Bayesian method for plastome data of 29 species. The entire chloroplast genome of L. ilicifolius within the Lamiaceae is the first to reveal genetic taxonomy at the molecular level, and the new phylogenetic tree data can be used for future evolutionary studies.
RESUMEN
Grewia biloba var. parviflora (Bunge) Hand.-Mazz. (1933), a shrub or small tree, is native to northern and southern China. It is an excellent relief and medicinal plant. The complete chloroplast genome is 158,043 bp in length, with a large single-copy region of 86,957 bp, a small single-copy region of 20,138 bp, two inverted repeat regions of 25,474 bp each, and a GC content of 37.4%. There were 129 genes annotated, including 84 known protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. The phylogenetic trees are constructed using plastome data from 38 species and the maximum-likelihood method. The results of the chloroplast genome-wide analysis and the phylogenetic tree show the taxonomic phylogeny of the G. biloba var. parviflora in relation to other species, increasing the accuracy of the phylogenetic classification of the plant.
RESUMEN
Syringa oblata var. alba is a shrub or a small tree from China with high ornamental, medicinal, and edible value. Here, we present its first complete chloroplast genome. The entire circular genome is 155,648 bp in length, with large single-copy (LSC) length of 86,247, small single-copy (SSC) length of 17,937, inverted repeat (IR) length of 25,732, and GC content of 37.9%. One hundred and thirty-two genes, including 88 protein-coding, 36 tRNA, and eight rRNA genes were predicted. A phylogenetic tree of 25 plant species was constructed based on the maximum-likelihood method, indicating that S. oblata var. alba, S. vulgaris, and S. oblata form a sister group. This study will provide valuable basic information for phylogeny, species identification, and varieties breeding of this species.
RESUMEN
Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. 1842 is a medicinal plant of China. Its dry root bark is called BAIXIANPI, which is a common traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of D. dasycarpus. The length of the genome, large single-copy (LSC), small single-copy (SSC), inverted repeat (IR), and GC content was 157,056 bp, 84,497 bp, 18,487 bp, 27,036 bp, and 38.5%, respectively. A total of 132 genes were annotated, including 87 protein coding, eight rRNA, and 37 tRNA genes. Interestingly, 15 genes contained single intron while two others contained two introns. The phylogenetic tree showed the two D. dasycarpus (D. albus) clustered in a clade, which was sister to clade formed by the species of Melicope, Tetradium, Phellodendron, and Zanthoxylum.
RESUMEN
The complete chloroplast genome of an important medicinal plant, Convallaria majalis Linnaeus, was sequenced for the first time. The entire circular genome is 162,218 bp in length, with 37.9% GC contents. The genome has consisted of a large single-copy region (LSC) with a length of 85,417 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) with a length of 18,495 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) with a length of 29,153 bp each. The genome harbored 133 genes, including 87 protein coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic tree of 24 plant species was constructed based on the maximum-likelihood method. This study will provide theoretical basis for further study on plant genetics phylogenetic research.
RESUMEN
The complete chloroplast genome of an important medicinal plant, Veratrum nigrum Linnaeus, was sequenced. The entire circular genome is 151,580 bp in length, with 37.7% GC contents. The genome has a large single-copy (LSC) region with a length of 81,806 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region with a length of 17,472 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) with a length of 26,151 bp. It harbored 131 genes, including 85 protein coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggested V. nigrum formed a monophyletic clade with relatively short genetic distance to Veratrum oxysepalum and Veratrum taliense. This study will provide theoretical basis for further study on plant genetics phylogenetic research.
RESUMEN
Total flavonoids (TF), derived from the seeds of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent., possess many pharmacological functions. In the present study, H22-bearing mice and SMMC-7721 models were employed to evaluate the antitumor activity of TF and to and investigate its possible mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay; cell apoptosis rate was analyzed via Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining by flow cytometer. Meanwhile, the expressions of apoptosis-related mRNA and proteins were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The results revealed that TF could significantly inhibit the tumor growth, and the possible mechanism was related to the effect of inducing tumor cells apoptosis through PI3K/Akt/PTEN signaling pathway. This study has provided a theoretical basis for the further development and application of TF as antitumor drugs.
